ANTIOXIDANTS
Antioxidants are substances that are capable of counteracting the
damaging effects of the physiological process of oxidation.
Antioxidants are nutrients (vitamins and minerals) as well as enzymes(proteins in your body that assist in chemical reactions).
Antioxidant is an essential ingredient for any good moisturizer, they have the ability to reduce or prevent some amount of the oxidative damage and daily inflammation that destroys and depletes the skin's function and structure over time.
Free-radical damage is what antioxidants are supposed to prevent or take care of.
Antioxidants block the process of oxidation by neutralizing free radicals. In doing so, the antioxidants themselves become oxidized.
Free-radical damage is bad for the skin.Free-radical damage can cause deterioration of the skin's support structures (collagen and elastin) thus causing wrinkling.
The presence of antioxidants in the diet, and the topical application of antioxidants in skin-care products, plays a part in slowing down free-radical damage. Antioxidants are ingredients such as vitamins A, C, and E, superoxide dismutase, flavonoids, beta carotene, glutathione selenium,and zinc.
FREE RADICALS
They are just like parasites breathing on healthy skin cells and eventually destroying them.
Free radicals are chemically active atom or molecular fragments that have a charge due to an excess or deficient number of electrons. Free radicals containing oxygen, known as reactive oxygen species (ROS),are the most biologically significant free radicals. ROS include the radical's superoxide and hydroxyl radical, plus derivatives of oxygen that do not contain unpaired electrons, such as hydrogen peroxide,singlet oxygen, and hypochlorous acid. Because they have one or more unpaired electrons, free radicals are highly unstable. They scavenge your body to grab or donate electrons, thereby damaging cells,proteins and DNA (genetic material).
The same oxidative process also causes oils to become rancid, peeled apples to turn brown, and iron to rust.
It is only possible up to certain extent to avoid damage by free
radicals. Free radicals arise from sources both inside and outside our bodies. Oxidants that develop from processes within our bodies form as a result of normal, metabolism, respiration and inflammation.
From environmental factors such as pollution,sunlight ,X;ray,smoking and alcohol.
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